Papers

A Data-Driven Evaluation of Usability and Security in Nigeria's E-Government Platforms Using Computational Methods

Participatory Approaches for Responsible Testing and Inclusive Processes on AI Regulatory Sandboxes

Legal Appraisal of Digital Carbon Governance in the Nigerian Oil & Gas Sector

Public-Private Collaboration in Cryptocurrency Crime Investigations: The Use of Digital Forensics and Investigative Technologies in Digital Governance and Its Challenges in Nigeria's Crypto Ecosystem

Thursday, 06/11

16:30 - 18:30

Early Research Track

Funmilayo Oyekanmi

Digital Governance and Feminism: Gender-Responsive Digital Governance as the Gateway to a Just and Prosperous Digital Future

Securing Digital Governance: Privacy, Cybersecurity, and Sovereignty for the Future

Siya Huang

Unveiling the Micro-Foundations of the Brussels Effect: An Explanation of Rationality Co-Constituted by Networks in the GDPR Case

New Metrics and Approaches for Measuring Digital Governance Success

Raquel Guimarães, Thomas Figueiredo, Larissa Sartori, Gabriel Cogo, Maria Alexandra Cunha

The Local in LOSI: a discussion on small municipalities' online portals in Brazil

Governing Digital Economies: Public-Private Sector Perspectives

Lateef Ayinde, Krishnaveni Katta, John Oluwaseye Adebayo, Salihu Salihu, Blaise Bayuo

Echoes of Gemini: Understanding User Sentiment and Discourse on Google Gemini: Analyzing Public Perceptions Through Sentiment Analysis and LDA

Harnessing AI for Public Good: Balancing Innovation and Responsibility

Sunil Choenni, Mortaza Shoae Bargh, Floris ter Braak, Blaise Bayuo

Dealing with System Truths and Ground Truths

Harnessing Emerging Technologies for Smarter and More Efficient Public Services

Yubin Choi, Vincenzo Aquaro, Blaise Bayuo, Junho Lee

Advancing the UN E-Government Development Index with AI: A Scalable Framework for OSQ Automation

Building Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) for Scalable and Inclusive Digital Service Delivery

Mohsan Ali, Blaise Bayuo, Charalampos Alexopoulos, Yannis Charalabidis

Technical Interoperability of Open Data: Analysis, Barriers, and Opportunities for the Open Data Ecosystem

Participation in the Era of Social Media and Digital Platforms

Sandra Onyia, Blaise Bayuo

Algorithmic Transparency and Due Process: Legal Challenges of AI-Driven Government and Platform Decision-Making

New Metrics and Approaches for Measuring Digital Governance Success

Yury Kabanov, Blaise Bayuo

Decentralization and Local E-Services Development: A Pilot Cross-National Study with the LOSI Data

Digital transformation and innovation in the Public Sector II

Mohsan Ali, Blaise Bayuo, Zoi Lachana, Charalampos Alexopoulos, Yannis Charalabidis

Enabling Technical Interoperability in Open Data Portals: The Role and Benefits of OpenAPI Specifications

Digital transformation and innovation in the Public Sector III

Rebecca Ogunmefun, Sunday Igbinedion, Blaise Bayuo

Digital Transformation as a Catalyst for Public Service Delivery: A Comparative Case Study of Five African Countries

Harnessing AI for Public Good: Balancing Innovation and Responsibility

Hasnain Bokhari, Blaise Bayuo

Media Framing of Pakistan's National AI Policy: A Content Analysis of English Newspaper Coverage (2023-2025)

Accelerating Digital Transformation in the Global South

Tupokigwe Isagah, Soumaya Ben Dhaou, Charmaine Distor, Blaise Bayuo, Morten Meyerhoff Nielsen

Eastern Africa's Digital Transformation: Assessing GovTech Progress towards AI Implementation in Kenya, Rwanda, and Tanzania

Harnessing Emerging Technologies for Smarter and More Efficient Public Services

Nina Rizun, Arpine Korekyan, Vincenzo Aquaro, Blaise Bayuo, Noella Edelmann

Public Service Provision in Countries in Special Situations: Using Life Events, Online Service Index and AI to close the digital divide and prioritize future digital public services

Early Research Track

Blaise Bayuo, Mukhtar Tanimu

JurisAI in Nigeria's Judiciary: An Empirical Case Study

Governing Digital Economies: Public-Private Sector Perspectives

Ediomo Udofia, Blaise Bayuo

Fostering Resilient Public-Private Partnerships in Critical Digital Infrastructure and Cyber Defense

Digital transformation and innovation in the Public Sector III

Luís Soares Barbosa, Nina Rizun, Yulii Bartashevska, Anna Bondarovich, Aymen Boudebouz, Magdalena Ciesielska, Virginia Dignum, Tomasz Janowski, Naci Karkin, Nina Khairova, Oleksandra Revina, Demetrios Sarantis, Noella Edelmann

Co-Creation in Teaching Interdisciplinary and Transdisciplinary Public Administration: A systematic literature review

Digital transformation and innovation in the Public Sector III

Cinara Maria Rocha, Antônio Henrique Suxberger, Blaise Bayuo, Delfina Soares, João Carvalho

The Effects of Videoconferencing Technology on Justice Values: Evidence from Brazil

Digital transformation and innovation in the Public Sector III

Tommaso Giaccardi, Luca Gastaldi, Blaise Bayuo

Time and Complexity in Public Procurement of Digital Solutions: Evidence from Italian Municipalities

New Metrics and Approaches for Measuring Digital Governance Success

Armaya'u Umar, Blaise Bayuo

Agile E-Governance in the Global South an Adapted DSDM Model for Incremental, Citizen-Centric Development

Accelerating Digital Transformation in the Global South

João Martins, Luís Soares Barbosa, Beatriz Lanza, Blaise Bayuo

Developing a National Digital Transformation Strategy in the Global South: the case of Guinea-Bissau

Smart, Sustainable and Resilient Communities, Cities and Regions

Nafisa Usman, Muhammed Bashir Mu'azu, Zaharuddeen Haruna, Abubakar Umar, Basira Yahaya

A GIS-Based Swarm Intelligence Approach to EV Charging Station Placement: A Case Study for Sustainable Urban Mobility in Nigeria

Harnessing Emerging Technologies for Smarter and More Efficient Public Services

Ajay Kumar Reddy Adala, Blaise Bayuo

Delivery of Government Services using Emerging Technologies: Ground Level Perspective

Building Trust through Inclusive and Ethical Digital Governance

Ajay Kumar Reddy Adala, Blaise Bayuo

Reforms in E-Government Accountability: A Meta-Analytical Study

Digital transformation and innovation in the Public Sector III

Olfa Mellouli, Saleem Zoughbi, Blaise Bayuo

Efficient Strategy Framework for Digital Culture and Heritage The Case of Tunisia

Smart, Sustainable and Resilient Communities, Cities and Regions

Oluwafemi Anifowose, Jamiu Odugbesan, William Alabi, Blaise Bayuo

Advancing Smart and Sustainable University Ecosystems in Nigeria: A Synergistic Entrepreneurial Model for Inclusive Finance, Digital Integration, and Collaborative Innovation

Accelerating Digital Transformation in the Global South

Khadijah Mohammed, Blaise Bayuo

Inclusion by Design or by Assumption? Contextualising Nigeria's Digital Policy through its Mobile Banking Experience

Harnessing AI for Public Good: Balancing Innovation and Responsibility

Blaise Bayuo, Carlos Chesñevar, Elsa Estevez, Ana Maguitman, Gabriela Diaz

Modeling Opinion Polarization in Social Media through Abstract Argumentation Frameworks

Harnessing AI for Public Good: Balancing Innovation and Responsibility

Oluwaferami Ekundayo, Wisdom Agbonyehemen, Blaise Bayuo

The Rise of AI in Nigeria's Public Sector: Promoting Innovation and Responsible Use

Digital transformation and innovation in the Public Sector

Shefali Virkar, Blaise Bayuo, Christos Karelis, Charalampos Alexopoulos, Yannis Charalabidis

A Technical Framework for Inclusive Democratic Participation Using Multilingual Language Technologies

New Metrics and Approaches for Measuring Digital Governance Success

Neethi Geddam, Saumya Mehta, Blaise Bayuo, Gayatri Doctor

Benchmarking E-Government Service Delivery: A comparative analysis of India's NeSDA & UN-LOSI indices

Harnessing AI for Public Good: Balancing Innovation and Responsibility

Fatemeh Ahmadi Zeleti, Edward Curry, Blaise Bayuo

From Assurance to Adoption: Evaluating AI Trust Instruments for Public Sector Legitimacy and Service Uptake

Digital transformation and innovation in the Public Sector II

Daniel Valotto, Thiago Avila, Beatriz Lanza, Blaise Bayuo

Bridging National Strategy and Local Action: Alignment of Mayoral Plans with Brazil's Digital Government Agenda

Building Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) for Scalable and Inclusive Digital Service Delivery

Shahrish Khan, Mathews Joseph, Ameya Naik, Blaise Bayuo, Gayatri Doctor

Assessing DigiLocker as a Data Exchange Digital Public Infrastructure: A Framework-Based Analysis

Harnessing Emerging Technologies for Smarter and More Efficient Public Services

Ermo Täks, Blaise Bayuo

From Interpretation to Execution: A Human-Centered Normative Framework for Lawful Machine Autonomy

Digital transformation and innovation in the Public Sector II

Luís Izycki, Blaise Bayuo

Open Innovation in the Brazilian Public Sector: A Case Study on Multilevel Collaboration in Solving Public Challenges

Governing Digital Economies: Public-Private Sector Perspectives

Betty Anyanwu-Akeredolu, Blaise Bayuo

Accelerating Digital Gender Inclusion in the Global South: The BEMORE Perspective

New Metrics and Approaches for Measuring Digital Governance Success

Anjali Kaushik, Blaise Bayuo

From Metrics to Outcomes: Institutionalizing Performance in Local Governance through National Evaluation Frameworks

New Metrics and Approaches for Measuring Digital Governance Success

Deniz Susar, Vincenzo Aquaro, Blaise Bayuo, Demetrios Sarantis, Delfina Soares

Bridging the Urban Digital Divide: A Cross-Continental Analysis of Municipal e-Service Availability

Harnessing Emerging Technologies for Smarter and More Efficient Public Services

Abdulrahmon Adekunle Adeyoola, Blaise Bayuo, Adeyinka Patrick Adewumi

AI Chatbots and the Transformation of Service Delivery: Evidence from Nigeria's Public and Private Institutions

Digital transformation and innovation in the Public Sector II

Robert Ifeonu, Blaise Bayuo

Micro-Transformation Framework for Public Sector Innovation: Catalyzing Resilient, Outcome-Driven Digital Governance

Digital transformation and innovation in the Public Sector II

Bernardo Monteiro, Thiago Felipe Abreu, Blaise Bayuo

Does Impartial and Professional Bureaucracy Matter for E-Government? Evidence from Cross-National Data

Digital transformation and innovation in the Public Sector

Fatemeh Ahmadi Zeleti, Lukasz Porwol, Blaise Bayuo

A Disruptive Innovation Framework for the Peripheral Public Sector: A Case-Based Model from the Northern Periphery and Arctic Region

Securing Digital Governance: Privacy, Cybersecurity, and Sovereignty for the Future

Bashar Usman, Kilakime Bridget, Abubakar Nurudeen, Iruemi Juliet, Blaise Bayuo

Strengthening Nigeria's Cybersecurity Resilience Through a Critical Infrastructure Vulnerability Repository

Participation in the Era of Social Media and Digital Platforms

Nurudeen Jibrin, Chaku Shammah, Ahmed Ibrahim, Blaise Bayuo

Deep Learning for Election Sentiment Analysis on Nigerian Social Media: Implications for Misinformation, Public Trust, and Digital Governance

Harnessing Emerging Technologies for Smarter and More Efficient Public Services

Douglas Silva, Sergio Carvalho, Nadia Silva, Blaise Bayuo

A Multi-Aspect Ensemble Learning Architecture for Detecting Structured Fraud in Trading Operations

Digital transformation and innovation in the Public Sector

Daniel Ndolo, Erick Omuya, Beth Kiratu, Blaise Bayuo

Bridging the Digital Divide: Evaluating ICT e-Readiness in Kenyan Higher Education Institutions

Securing Digital Governance: Privacy, Cybersecurity, and Sovereignty for the Future

Abubakar Muhammad Nainna, Julian Bass, Lee Speakman, Blaise Bayuo

On trust and double bounty dilemma of sharing CTI in Nigeria

Participation in the Era of Social Media and Digital Platforms

Emmanuel Fasuan, Blaise Bayuo

Turning the Tide: The Role of Digital Platforms in Youth Movement and State Repression in Nigeria - A Case Study of the EndSARS Protest

Harnessing AI for Public Good: Balancing Innovation and Responsibility

Jorge Machado, Blaise Bayuo

Toward a Public and Secure Generative AI: A Comparative Analysis of Open and Closed LLMs

Governing Digital Economies: Public-Private Sector Perspectives

Mayowa Agbelusi, Blaise Bayuo

Bridging the Adoption Gap: Policy Lessons from Nigeria's SIM-NIN and India's Aadhaar for Digital Public Infrastructure

Building Trust through Inclusive and Ethical Digital Governance

Abdallah Abdul-Salam, Ibrahim Osman Adam, Mansah Preko, Blaise Bayuo

Trust and Security Perceptions: The Role of Platform Governance in E-Government Adoption in Ghana

Digital transformation and innovation in the Public Sector

Sangela da Silva, Wagner Sampaio, Blaise Bayuo

Institutional Platform for Mapping Professional Profiles

Early Research Track

Florian Hahn, Michael Martin, Blaise Bayuo

Bridging gaps in the Open Data landscape: A step towards a global atlas

Early Research Track

Roberta Moshé, Blaise Bayuo

Bridging Legal Divides: Digital Governance and the Challenge of Inclusion in Legally Plural Societies

Participation in the Era of Social Media and Digital Platforms

Adamkolo Ibrahim, Blaise Bayuo

Bridging Broadcast and Digital Media: A Positivist Empirical Assessment of Social Television Adoption for Government-Citizen Engagement in Nigeria

Digital transformation and innovation in the Public Sector

José Santana, Moises Galian, Felipe Abrahão, Vanessa Barros, Rodolfo Miranda de Barros

Aligning ITIL 4 Infrastructure and Platform Management with Public Value Scorecard for Smart City Transformation

Building Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) for Scalable and Inclusive Digital Service Delivery

Raymond Onuoha, Blaise Bayuo

Digital identification as a trust constraint to inclusive digital financial services (DFS): A comparative case study of the Nigerian ecosystem to the German model

Early Research Track

Blaise Bayuo, Anna Chizhik, Katarina Cokrlic

Adaptive Routing and Narrative Design in Museums Using Digital Data

Building Trust through Inclusive and Ethical Digital Governance

Afeez Soladoye, Ibrahim Adeyanju, Bolaji Omodunbi, Blaise Bayuo

Enhancing Trust and Accountability in E-Governance through Corruption detection in Public Procurement in Nigeria using Machine learning techniques

Harnessing AI for Public Good: Balancing Innovation and Responsibility

Silver Okonkwo, Blaise Bayuo

Localising Ethical AI Frameworks: The Case for Context-First Governance in Nigeria

Securing Digital Governance: Privacy, Cybersecurity, and Sovereignty for the Future

Beatriz Lanza, Evgenii Diskin, Thiago Ávila, Malyutin Maxim

Federalism and Digital ID Systems: Examining Coordination in BRICS+ Countries - The Russian and Brazilian Scenario

Building Trust through Inclusive and Ethical Digital Governance

Jenny Sánchez-Torres, Lucas Giraldo-Rios, Blaise Bayuo

Toward Accountable AI: A Review of Frameworks for Measuring Algorithmic governmentality

Participation in the Era of Social Media and Digital Platforms

Shehu Salisu, Qaribu Nasidi, Blaise Bayuo

E-Governance and Civic Engagement: Assessing the Effectiveness of Social Media in Promoting Participatory Democracy in Nigeria

Building Trust through Inclusive and Ethical Digital Governance

Siya Huang, Wai Min Kwok, Vincenzo Aquaro

Beyond the Divide, Building Public Trust: A Governance Framework for Digital Inclusion and Equity for Persons with Disabilities

Smart, Sustainable and Resilient Communities, Cities and Regions

Jolly Egharevba

From Traditional to Smart: Embedding Human-Centric Principles into Urban Facility Planning for Inclusive Development in African Cities

Participation in the Era of Social Media and Digital Platforms

Adeyinka Patrick Adewumi

Political Opposition in Nigeria's Digital Era: The twitter arm of government

Building Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) for Scalable and Inclusive Digital Service Delivery

Sushil Prakash

The case of India's transformation from being mostly cash dependent for daily payment transactions to taking the global lead in real-time payment systems

Smart, Sustainable and Resilient Communities, Cities and Regions

Muawiya Sadiq

Real-Time Grid Stability Monitoring Using Simplified LSTM Models: A Scalable Solution for Resource-Constrained Environments in the Global South

Early Research Track

Hassan Abdullahi

Decentralized SIM-less Communication: A Telecom-Free Future for Digital Inclusion

Thursday, 06/11

16:30 - 18:30

Papers

A Data-Driven Evaluation of Usability and Security in Nigeria's E-Government Platforms Using Computational Methods

Participatory Approaches for Responsible Testing and Inclusive Processes on AI Regulatory Sandboxes

Legal Appraisal of Digital Carbon Governance in the Nigerian Oil & Gas Sector

Public-Private Collaboration in Cryptocurrency Crime Investigations: The Use of Digital Forensics and Investigative Technologies in Digital Governance and Its Challenges in Nigeria's Crypto Ecosystem

Digital Governance and Feminism: Gender-Responsive Digital Governance as the Gateway to a Just and Prosperous Digital Future

Unveiling the Micro-Foundations of the Brussels Effect: An Explanation of Rationality Co-Constituted by Networks in the GDPR Case

The Local in LOSI: a discussion on small municipalities' online portals in Brazil

Echoes of Gemini: Understanding User Sentiment and Discourse on Google Gemini: Analyzing Public Perceptions Through Sentiment Analysis and LDA

Dealing with System Truths and Ground Truths

Advancing the UN E-Government Development Index with AI: A Scalable Framework for OSQ Automation

Technical Interoperability of Open Data: Analysis, Barriers, and Opportunities for the Open Data Ecosystem

Algorithmic Transparency and Due Process: Legal Challenges of AI-Driven Government and Platform Decision-Making

Decentralization and Local E-Services Development: A Pilot Cross-National Study with the LOSI Data

Enabling Technical Interoperability in Open Data Portals: The Role and Benefits of OpenAPI Specifications

Digital Transformation as a Catalyst for Public Service Delivery: A Comparative Case Study of Five African Countries

Media Framing of Pakistan's National AI Policy: A Content Analysis of English Newspaper Coverage (2023-2025)

Eastern Africa's Digital Transformation: Assessing GovTech Progress towards AI Implementation in Kenya, Rwanda, and Tanzania

Public Service Provision in Countries in Special Situations: Using Life Events, Online Service Index and AI to close the digital divide and prioritize future digital public services

JurisAI in Nigeria's Judiciary: An Empirical Case Study

Fostering Resilient Public-Private Partnerships in Critical Digital Infrastructure and Cyber Defense

Co-Creation in Teaching Interdisciplinary and Transdisciplinary Public Administration: A systematic literature review

The Effects of Videoconferencing Technology on Justice Values: Evidence from Brazil

Time and Complexity in Public Procurement of Digital Solutions: Evidence from Italian Municipalities

Agile E-Governance in the Global South an Adapted DSDM Model for Incremental, Citizen-Centric Development

Developing a National Digital Transformation Strategy in the Global South: the case of Guinea-Bissau

A GIS-Based Swarm Intelligence Approach to EV Charging Station Placement: A Case Study for Sustainable Urban Mobility in Nigeria

Delivery of Government Services using Emerging Technologies: Ground Level Perspective

Reforms in E-Government Accountability: A Meta-Analytical Study

Efficient Strategy Framework for Digital Culture and Heritage The Case of Tunisia

Advancing Smart and Sustainable University Ecosystems in Nigeria: A Synergistic Entrepreneurial Model for Inclusive Finance, Digital Integration, and Collaborative Innovation

Inclusion by Design or by Assumption? Contextualising Nigeria's Digital Policy through its Mobile Banking Experience

Modeling Opinion Polarization in Social Media through Abstract Argumentation Frameworks

The Rise of AI in Nigeria's Public Sector: Promoting Innovation and Responsible Use

A Technical Framework for Inclusive Democratic Participation Using Multilingual Language Technologies

Benchmarking E-Government Service Delivery: A comparative analysis of India's NeSDA & UN-LOSI indices

From Assurance to Adoption: Evaluating AI Trust Instruments for Public Sector Legitimacy and Service Uptake

Bridging National Strategy and Local Action: Alignment of Mayoral Plans with Brazil's Digital Government Agenda

Assessing DigiLocker as a Data Exchange Digital Public Infrastructure: A Framework-Based Analysis

From Interpretation to Execution: A Human-Centered Normative Framework for Lawful Machine Autonomy

Open Innovation in the Brazilian Public Sector: A Case Study on Multilevel Collaboration in Solving Public Challenges

Accelerating Digital Gender Inclusion in the Global South: The BEMORE Perspective

From Metrics to Outcomes: Institutionalizing Performance in Local Governance through National Evaluation Frameworks

Bridging the Urban Digital Divide: A Cross-Continental Analysis of Municipal e-Service Availability

AI Chatbots and the Transformation of Service Delivery: Evidence from Nigeria's Public and Private Institutions

Micro-Transformation Framework for Public Sector Innovation: Catalyzing Resilient, Outcome-Driven Digital Governance

Does Impartial and Professional Bureaucracy Matter for E-Government? Evidence from Cross-National Data

A Disruptive Innovation Framework for the Peripheral Public Sector: A Case-Based Model from the Northern Periphery and Arctic Region

Strengthening Nigeria's Cybersecurity Resilience Through a Critical Infrastructure Vulnerability Repository

Deep Learning for Election Sentiment Analysis on Nigerian Social Media: Implications for Misinformation, Public Trust, and Digital Governance

A Multi-Aspect Ensemble Learning Architecture for Detecting Structured Fraud in Trading Operations

Bridging the Digital Divide: Evaluating ICT e-Readiness in Kenyan Higher Education Institutions

On trust and double bounty dilemma of sharing CTI in Nigeria

Turning the Tide: The Role of Digital Platforms in Youth Movement and State Repression in Nigeria - A Case Study of the EndSARS Protest

Toward a Public and Secure Generative AI: A Comparative Analysis of Open and Closed LLMs

Bridging the Adoption Gap: Policy Lessons from Nigeria's SIM-NIN and India's Aadhaar for Digital Public Infrastructure

Trust and Security Perceptions: The Role of Platform Governance in E-Government Adoption in Ghana

Institutional Platform for Mapping Professional Profiles

Bridging gaps in the Open Data landscape: A step towards a global atlas

Bridging Legal Divides: Digital Governance and the Challenge of Inclusion in Legally Plural Societies

Bridging Broadcast and Digital Media: A Positivist Empirical Assessment of Social Television Adoption for Government-Citizen Engagement in Nigeria

Aligning ITIL 4 Infrastructure and Platform Management with Public Value Scorecard for Smart City Transformation

Digital identification as a trust constraint to inclusive digital financial services (DFS): A comparative case study of the Nigerian ecosystem to the German model

Adaptive Routing and Narrative Design in Museums Using Digital Data

Enhancing Trust and Accountability in E-Governance through Corruption detection in Public Procurement in Nigeria using Machine learning techniques

Localising Ethical AI Frameworks: The Case for Context-First Governance in Nigeria

Federalism and Digital ID Systems: Examining Coordination in BRICS+ Countries - The Russian and Brazilian Scenario

Toward Accountable AI: A Review of Frameworks for Measuring Algorithmic governmentality

E-Governance and Civic Engagement: Assessing the Effectiveness of Social Media in Promoting Participatory Democracy in Nigeria

Beyond the Divide, Building Public Trust: A Governance Framework for Digital Inclusion and Equity for Persons with Disabilities

From Traditional to Smart: Embedding Human-Centric Principles into Urban Facility Planning for Inclusive Development in African Cities

Political Opposition in Nigeria's Digital Era: The twitter arm of government

The case of India's transformation from being mostly cash dependent for daily payment transactions to taking the global lead in real-time payment systems

Real-Time Grid Stability Monitoring Using Simplified LSTM Models: A Scalable Solution for Resource-Constrained Environments in the Global South

Decentralized SIM-less Communication: A Telecom-Free Future for Digital Inclusion

ABOUT ICEGOV

ICEGOV stands for International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance